Цифрова емпатія чи цифрова байдужість? Дослідження пастирської підтримки в еру віртуального спілкування
Анотація
Зростаюча цифровізація міжособистісного спілкування впливає також на сферу релігійного життя та пастирського служіння. У цьому контексті все частіше ставиться питання про те, як цифрові технології впливають на якість духовної підтримки. Дослідження зосереджується на концепції цифрової емпатії як одного з ключових показників ефективної та автентичної пастирської присутності у віртуальному просторі. Метою є вивчення того, які фактори підтримують або перешкоджають виникненню емпатії в онлайн-середовищі, які симптоми цифрової байдужості та які стратегії можна використовувати для запобігання поверхневому або безособовому спілкуванню. Особлива увага приділяється можливостям гібридної моделі пастирської опіки, яка поєднує переваги особистого та цифрового контакту. Теоретичний та концептуальний аналіз базується на міждисциплінарному підході, що поєднує знання з теології, психології та медіазнавства з вужчим акцентом на цифрову комунікацію. Результатом дослідження є рекомендації щодо розвитку емпатичної та водночас професійно обґрунтованої пастирської практики в цифровому середовищі.
Посилання
Abou Hashish, E. A. (2025), "Compassion through technology: Digital empathy concept analysis and implications in nursing", Digital Health, 11, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076251326221
Adekuba, U. (2024), "Pastoring the ICT world: Navigating the challenges and opportunities", Journal of Church and Society in the Philippines, 1(1), viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.69739/jcsp.v1i1.92
Arasa, D., Angolafale, J.-F., Kim, L., Murrighili, D. (2022), "The response of Roman Catholic priests to COVID-19: A case study on the pastoral and communication activities of nine dioceses worldwide during the first months of the pandemic", Church, Communication and Culture, No. 7, pp. 238 – 263, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/23753234.2022.2038647
Baehr, J., Schaller, M. (2022), "The limits of online pastoral care: Challenges of empathy and presence", Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp.145 – 162, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1163/21659214-bja10052
Baym, N. K. (2015), Personal connections in the digital age (2nd ed.), Polity Press.
Brunier, A., Drysdale, C. (2022, March 2), "COVID-19 pandemic triggers 25% increase in prevalence of anxiety and depression worldwide", World Health Organization, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://www.who.int/news/item/02-03-2022-covid-19-pandemic-triggers-25-increase-in-prevalence-of-anxiety-and-depression-worldwide
Byrne, M. J., Nuzum, D. (2020), "Pastoral closeness in physical distancing: The use of technology in pastoral ministry during COVID-19", Health and Social Care Chaplaincy, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 1 – 12, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1558/hscc.41625
Campbell, H. A. (2020), "Digital ecclesiology: A global conversation. Network for New Media, Religion and Digital Culture Studies", viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://www.digitalecclesiology.org
Campbell, H. A. (2021), "Digital ecumenism: The evolution of religious community online during COVID-19", In Campbell, H. A., Tsuria, M. (Eds.), Digital religion: Understanding religious practice in digital media (2nd ed., pp. 215 – 231), Routledge, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429263189
Campbell, H. A., Tsuria, R. (Eds.) (2021), Digital religion: Understanding religious practice in digital media (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Cheong, P. H. (2013), "Authority", In Campbell, H. A. (Ed.), Digital religion: Understanding religious practice in new media (pp. 72 – 87). Routledge.
Cheong, P. H., Fischer-Nielsen, P., Gelfgren, S., Ess, C. (Eds.) (2012), Digital religion, social media and culture: Perspectives, practices and futures, Peter Lang.
"Congregation for the Clergy" (2020), The pastoral conversion of the parish community in the service of the evangelising mission of the Church, Vatican Publishing House, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cclergy/documents/rc_con_cclergy_doc_20200720_parish-community_en.html
Dennis, D. E. (2023), The impact of pastoral care and counseling in a postmodern world [Unpublished manuscript], United English Baptist Church, Farin-Gida, Mando, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Derks, D., Fischer, A. H., Bos, A. E. R. (2008), "The role of emotion in computer-mediated communication: A review", Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 766 – 785, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2007.04.004
Einav, M., Margalit, M. (2023). Loneliness before and after COVID-19: Sense of coherence and hope as coping mechanisms. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(10), 5840. viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20105840
El Khatib, M., Younes, A., Shayo, C. (2021), "Understanding the causes and impacts of online disinhibition: A systematic literature review", Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol. 121, No. 10, pp. 2117 – 2137, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-08-2020-0509
Equina, L., Longchar, W. (Eds.) (2019), "Ministerial challenges in contemporary world: Towards a transformative theological education", Programme for Theology and Cultures in Asia; Association for Theological Education in Southeast Asia.
Gelfgren, S. (2024), "Christianity and digital media: Different traditions and different aims", In Campbell, H. A., Cheong, P. H. (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of digital religion, Oxford University Press.
Gerlitz, C., Helmond, A. (2013), "The like economy: Social buttons and the data-intensive web", New Media & Society, Vol. 15, No. 8, pp. 1348 – 1365, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444812472322
Glas, G. (2024), "Embracing digital tools for church tech", Playlister, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://www.playlister.app/blog/embracing-digital-tools-for-church-tech
Gultom, J., Simanjuntak, F., Manumpak, J. (2022), "Pastoral strategies for the loneliness epidemic of the digital generation", Jurnal Jaffray, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 17 – 37, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.25278/jj.v20i1.640
Isetti, G., De Rachewiltz, M., Pechlaner, H. (2024), "The new normal in pastoral care: The enduring legacy of media appropriation in the post-pandemic Roman Catholic Church", Religions, Vol. 16, No. 1, p. 90, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16010090
Katolícka cirkev (1999), Katechizmus Katolíckej cirkvi (3. vyd.) [Catechism of the Catholic Church (3rd ed.)]. Spolok svätého Vojtecha.
Knoll, B. R. (2020), "Virtual worship in the time of COVID-19: How congregations navigated online ministry", Journal of Religion & Health, No. 59, pp. 2684 – 2695, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01074-0
Konrath, S. H., O’Brien, E. H., Hsing, C. (2011), "Changes in dispositional empathy in American college students over time: A meta-analysis", Personality and Social Psychology Review, Vol. 15, No 2, pp. 180 – 198, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868310377395
Livingston, S. (2024), "Digital empathy: The key to connection in a remote world", Livingston Consulting. viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://drscottlivingston.com/blog-all/nurturing-human-connections-in-a-digitally-efficient-world
Louw, D. J. (2016), Wholeness in hope care: On nurturing the beauty of the human soul in spiritual pastoral care, LIT Verlag.
Motta, V. (2023), "Loneliness: From absence of other to disruption of self", Topoi, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 1 – 11, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-023-09984-5
Neves, S. H. (2024), A constructivist grounded theory of self-disclosure in hybrid pastoral care (Doctoral thesis, University of Westminster). University of Westminster Research Archive, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.34737/ww3z6
Oh, H., Virani, R. (2019), "Compassion through technology: Digital empathy concept analysis and implications in nursing", Computers, Informatics, Nursing, Vol. 37, No. 11, pp. 538 – 544, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000536
Pew Research Center (2021), Attending and watching religious services in the age of the coronavirus, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2021/03/02/attending-and-watching-religious-services-in-the-age-of-the-coronavirus/
Rosen, L. D., Carrier, L. M., Cheever, N. A. (2013), "Facebook and texting made me do it: Media-induced task-switching while studying", Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 948 – 958, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.12.001
Shodikin, A., Purwanto, Subanji, Sudirman (2021), "Students’ thinking process when using abductive reasoning in problem solving", Acta Scientiae, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 58 – 87, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.17648/acta.scientiae.6026
Smith, A. P., Alheneidi, H. (2023), "The Internet and loneliness", AMA Journal of Ethics, Vol. 25, No. 11, pp. E833–E838, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1001/amajethics.2023.833
Suler, J. (2004), "The online disinhibition effect", Cyberpsychology & Behavior, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 321 – 326. viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1089/1094931041291295
Turkle, S. (2011), Alone together: Why we expect more from technology and less from each other, Basic Books.
Visionflex (2022), "What is digital empathy and how do you get it?", Visionflex, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://www.visionflex.com/what-is-digital-empathy-and-how-do-you-get-it/
Vlachantoni, A., Evandrou, M., Falkingham, J., Qin, M. (2022), "The impact of changing social support on older persons’ onset of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK", The Gerontologist, Vol. 62, No. 2, pp. 200 – 211, viewed 21 June 2025, available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnac033



